The Rugby World Cup has arrived at the knockout stages as the tournament moves towards the final in Paris on Saturday 28 October.
With the pool stages over, the side that advances from each game will be decided on the day of the game, with extra time a possibility if the scores are level after 80 minutes.
Extra time has been used before at the World Cup, most notably in the final in 2003.
Then, hosts Australia and England were locked together with 14 points each after a late penalty from Elton Flatley, neccessitating additional action.
The encounter progressed to a period of extra time, with Jonny Wilkinson knocking over a last minute victory to secure England’s first, and only, men’s World Cup crown.
At this tournament, if the teams are tied after 80 minutes, they will first play a 20-minute period of normal extra time.
This will be split into two halves of ten minutes.
If the teams can still not be separated, an additional period of sudden death, golden score extra time will be played.
If that period passes without a point, the two teams will then engage in a kicking contest, with a coin toss determing who strikes first.
Five players from each side will take part, kicking from three different positions on the 22-metre line. If both teams convert the same number of kicks, there will be a sudden death shootout until the two sides are separated.
The World Cup is yet to have a kicking contest, though it has been sighted in club rugby as recently as last year.
Toulouse and Munster’s Champions Cup quarter-final in Dublin in May 2022 was settled in a shootout with a slightly different format to the World Cup regulations.
A decisive kick-off also took place after the semi-final between Cardiff Blues and Leicester Tigers in 2009.
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